Orthopedic (muscles, bones, injury)

Symptoms of Achilles tendonitis include creaking or cracking sounds of the ankle, swelling of or hard knots in the area of the tendon, and pain and tenderness in the morning, among others.

The muscle on the front part of your arm—the one you flex to show strength—can tear in an instant. An orthopedist can help figure out whether you can heal with just physical therapy or if you need surgery.

Biceps tendonitis is painful inflammation of the tendon that connects the bicep to the bones of the shoulder, usually due to overuse. Symptoms of biceps tendonitis include a throbbing, aching pain in the shoulder that may radiate down the arm.

A broken ankle is when you break one or more of the three bones in the ankle joint. It’s easy to confuse a sprain with a break—but the difference is crucial for getting the correct treatment.

This article will review the symptoms, causes, and management of a broken hand. Symptoms include pain, tenderness and swelling over the site of the injury, an inability to move the hand or fingers, and surrounding numbness or tingling.

Calcaneus fractures occur when a force that is stronger than the calcaneus itself is applied to the bone. They most commonly occur in high-energy trauma situations.

This article will review the symptoms, causes, and management of calf strains. Calf strains may involve sudden or sharp pain, a popping sound, a tearing sensation, or limited functioning, or pain may only present with certain movements in milder injuries.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a painful condition caused by pressure on the median nerve in the wrist. Other symptoms are numbness, tingling, and weakness in fingers. Repetitive motion seems to play a role.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip affects infants and is when abnormal development of the hip joint causes instability and a predisposition to hip dislocation.

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis is a disorder that causes bone to grow where it should not. Most commonly on ligaments that attach to the vertebrae of the spine. Symptoms include pain, stiffness or limited range of motion, difficulty swallowing, spinal fractures, or even paralysis or loss of sensation.

Finger dislocation occurs when the bones of the finger are moved from their normal position; most often in the middle knuckle of the little, ring, middle, or index finger.

The kneecap (patella) is the bone that covers the knee joint. Abnormalities in the support structure of the knee and unusual forces can cause a dislocated kneecap.

A dislocated shoulder is an injury in which the upper arm bone comes out of the shoulder blade socket. Symptoms include swelling, pain, and inability to move.

If you’ve amped up your running routine or like pushing yourself through the pain, you may be at risk for a femoral stress fracture. These hairline fractures occur in the femur or thigh bone. They’re typically caused by pushing your body too hard. They’re common in dancers, marathon runners, and people actively training in the military.

Fibrosarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumor derived from fibrous connective tissue around the bones. The condition is rare but can spread and divide quickly.

A foot or ankle sprain is a soft tissue injury. Most often, a sprain occurs when an injury pulls, stretches, or tears the ligaments that connect bone to bone.

Frozen shoulder is when tissue inside your shoulder socket stiffens, leading to severe pain and stiffness. It feels almost impossible to move your arm. There are three stages a frozen shoulder goes through before you get relief.

Gout is a type of arthritis that typically attacks the big toe, but it can affect knees and sometimes other joints. Uric acid builds up in the joint causing the pain and inflammation.

The greater trochanter is the larger of two bony knobs at the top of your thigh bone. The bursa is cushioning between the bones. Overuse, trauma, or infection can lead to inflammation of the bursa—and pain. Treatment options Include self-care, corticosteroid injection, physical therapy, and surgery.

Hip bursitis is the painful inflammation of the bursa sac, a fluid-filled sac near the hip joint that cushions tendons and ligaments. Find out how to treat and prevent it.

This article will review the symptoms, causes, and management of hip dislocation. Symptoms include severe, sudden-onset pain in the affected leg, pain that is worse when this leg is moved, an inability to bear weight on the leg and an appearance that the leg is shorter.

Hip fractures are cracks in the top of the thigh bone (femur) where it meets the pelvis socket to form the hip joint. Risk factors include older age and female gender.

A hip strain (or hip flexor strain) is when you overstretch or tear one of the muscles that allow you to lift your leg up at the hip joint. It can happen when you flex the thigh quickly and forcefully. It usually heals on its own.

Iliotibial band syndrome causes pain on the outside of the knee due to overuse. IT band syndrome is more common in endurance athletes, like cyclists and runners. The pain gets better with rest and the damage is usually not permanent.

Iliopsoas bursitis is an inflammation of the iliopsoas bursa. It is a large sac with fibrous connective tissue that is on the inside of the thigh in the groin area. It often will get better on its own with rest and physical therapy.

When you jam your finger, you're injuring the ligaments and bones of your finger. Symptoms include pain, swelling, redness, and impaired function and mobility of the injured finger. Learn how to treat it.

A meniscus tear in the knee means the cartilage that helps absorb shock is damaged. It causes pain and a feeling of catching, popping, or buckling. You need to let it heal or you risk doing permanent damage.

Fibromyalgia causes chronic pain throughout the body in addition to muscle pain, tenderness, and joint stiffness. Fortunately, new treatment strategies are helping patients better cope with fibromyalgia.

A Morton’s neuroma occurs when tissue grows and presses on a nerve in your toes. It can cause pain in the ball of your foot, and pain, burning, and tingling in the toes. The main causes are wearing high heels and tight shoes.

This article will review the symptoms, causes, and management of Osgood-Schlatter disease. Symptoms include pain over the upper shin below the kneecap that is made worse by activities — often on one side — that also involves tenderness and swelling in the affected area.

Osteoarthritis is a type of arthritis that affects the cartilage (connective tissue) around the joints. Symptoms include pain, swelling, mild warmth and redness, and stiffness in the joints. Though it’s not curable, there are treatments to reduce the pain and inflammation.

Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis affect joints differently, cause different symptoms, and are treated differently. It's important to get the correct diagnosis to improve joint function and reduce pain.

This article will review the symptoms, causes, management, and prevention of osteochondritis dissecans. Symptoms experienced in the affected joint include difficulty with range of motion, popping or snapping noises, buckling, pain on movement, as well as swelling.

Osteogenic sarcoma is a cancer of the bone that usually develops when bones are rapidly growing during adolescence. It is the most common primary tumor of the bone.

An osteoid osteoma is a small, noncancerous tumor of the bones. It often affects leg bones or the spine but can affect any bone. They are usually found in young people. Many osteoid osteomas disappear on their own, but some may require surgery for removal.

Patellofemoral pain syndrome is pain around the kneecap (the patella). It can happen because of over exercising or if muscles are not strong enough. It’s easily treatable and you can strengthen your muscles to help prevent it.

Pes cavus is the presence of an abnormally high arch that can occur in either one or both feet and develop at any age. It results in pressure being placed on the heel.

This article will review the symptoms, causes, and management of pigmented villonodular synovitis. Symptoms of this rare joint disease include joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and instability.

Plantar fasciitis is an inflammation of the tissue, called fascia, that runs along the arch of the foot. You experience intense pain in the sole of your foot by the heel, where the plantar fascia attaches to the bone. It takes rest and home therapies to get better.

A posterior tibialis tendinopathy (PTT) is when damage occurs to one of the tendons that runs on the inner side of your ankle. You may notice over several weeks slowly increasing pain and/or swelling along the tendon.

Prepatellar bursitis is an inflammation of a fluid-filled sac (bursa) located in front of the knee that normally acts as a cushion to help reduce friction.

Psoriatic arthritis (PA) is a chronic inflammatory, autoimmune disease. The joint and skin are being attacked by the immune system. Joint inflammation can lead to severe arthritis unless diagnosed and treated early.

Relapsing polychondritis causes inflammation and deterioration of cartilage and other tissues, including the ears, nose, eyes, joints, and respiratory tract.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease where your body targets and destroys the healthy tissues that cover your joints. It causes pain, swelling, and stiffness around your joints. There are several ways to treat RA.

The rotator cuff is made up of the muscles and tendons that surround your shoulder socket. The tendons can become inflamed and irritated from overuse and normal wear-and-tear, causing tendonitis. You may have to temporarily stop the activities that are causing the problem.

Septic arthritis is a painful infection in a joint that can come from organisms (bacterial, fungal or viral) that travel through your bloodstream. The joints affected are usually the knee, hip, or shoulder.

Shoulder arthritis is a painful condition that affects the shoulder joints. Shoulder arthritis generally causes symptoms such as joint pain and limited range of motion.

A shoulder nerve injury is when damage occurs to a network of nerves in the front of the shoulder known as the brachial plexus. Called brachial plexopathy, it is usually caused by trauma from an accident or sports injury.

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is a hip condition that affects teens and pre-teens who are still growing. Early diagnosis is very important. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis does require surgery. This is usually a successful treatment.

Snapping hip syndrome is a snapping sensation in the hip that is caused by tight tendons passing over bones. It can be treated with stretching and other at-home approaches.

A sports hernia is a painful, soft tissue injury that occurs in the groin area and occurs during sports that require sudden changes of direction or intense twisting movements.

A sprained thumb is an injury of an overextended or torn ligament connecting the bones at the base of the thumb. Symptoms include swelling, bruising, and pain.

Tarsal tunnel syndrome refers to the symptoms that result from compression of the posterior tibial nerve which provides sensations in the bottom of the foot.

Tennis elbow is an overuse injury that causes pain in the forearm near the elbow. And it’s not only from playing tennis. It affects the tendons that attach to the outside of the elbow.

Thumb arthritis refers to inflammation of the thumb joints. There are a number of distinct joints in the thumb, all of which can be affected by thumb arthritis.

A wrist fracture is a break in any of the bones in your wrist. The risk of fracture is higher in women and older adults. Smoking, drinking and taking steroids also increases your chances. Most wrist fractures just need a cast or a splint but severe breaks need surgery.

Wrist sprain is often associated with traumatic events but can also stem from chronic issues such as repetitive stress or from the normal aging process.